Hungary's Roma Face Bigotry, Persecution
At the end of the Second World War, the international community aspired to ensure that never again would an ethnic minority become the target of persecution within their home country. Yet, in modern Hungary, the ascent of the Jobbik Party is eerily similar to the rise of the Nazis in Germany. Railing against "Gypsy crimes," Jobbik rode a wave of bigotry to become a significant player in Hungarian politics. Like the Nazis and the SA, who intimidated Jews, Jobbik is associated with paramilitary groups who intimidate Gypsies, more formally known as the Roma. In response to recent events in Hungary, many of the Roma are fleeing their homes and seeking refuge in other countries. This time, the international community should learn from its mistakes and offer assistance to the Roma before it is too late.
Hungary's Roma Has Been Targeted for Violence and Intimidation
Violence hit Hungary's Roma from 2008 through 2009. Nine were murdered in a campaign of terror, including the elderly and young children. Several were wounded, and Roma homes were damaged. In many cases, the assailants fire-bombed homes, and then waited to shoot at the families fleeing from the flames.
In the Spring of 2011, paramilitary groups engaging in purported "demonstrations" against "Gypsy crime" as a means of intimidating the Roma. These groups, calling themselves the Hungarian Guard (Magyar Garda), Vedero, the Brighter Future and the Outlaw Army, sported insignia reminiscent of Hungary's fascist past on their uniforms.
The preferred tactic is to set-up a "training camp" outside towns with a "Gypsy crime" problem, later patrolling the streets to harass Roma residents. Members are known to follow Roma men as they leave their homes, shout slogans in the middle of the night in Roma neighborhoods, and antagonize young Roma men to the point of fist-to-cuffs.
Gyongyospata became Ground Zero for vigilante action in 2011, as first the Better Future and then Vedero descended on the town. As the groups patrolled the streets, the police either sat idly by, or arrested some members only to have the courts acquit them. When clashes between members of the groups and young Roma men ensued, politicians, particularly members of Jobbik, publicly blamed the Gypsies.
Intimidation Has Continued into 2012
The most recent intimidation occurred in Devecser and Cegled. In August of 2012, paramilitary groups and other neo-Nazis were bused in to march through the streets of Roma neighborhoods as a demonstration against "Gypsy crimes." In Devescer, many chanted "You will die here." This time, Jobbik Members of Parliament openly marched alongside the neo-Nazis, joining in their xenophobia.
Anti-Roma Political Party Has Risen in Power
As disturbing as the rise of these paramilitary groups is, more disturbing is the rise of Jobbik. In 2010, Jobbik surprised many by winning 47 seats in parliament, becoming the third largest political party. As a sign of the connection between the paramilitary groups and Jobbik, the party's leader, Gabor Vona, wore the vest of the Magyar Garda, despite the fact that the Magyar Garda had been banned by a Hungarian court.
Prejudice and Bigotry Against the Roma
Sadly, attitudes of the Hungary people only serve to foster the harassment and violence against the Roma. The Pew Research Center found that 64% of Hungarian harbor an unfavorable opinion of the Roma. Hungarian parents pull their children out of schools with a large Roma student body, creating a de facto segregation of Roma children. Roma children are often enrolled in classes for student with learning disabilities, without justification. Discrimination against the Roma in housing and employment is also rampant.
The Government Provides No Protection
The Roma find little, if any, help from the government. Police fail to take steps to stop the anti-Roma demonstrations. Worse, police often engage in racial profiling, and subject Roma suspects to physical and verbal abuse. Yet, statistic cited by the U.S. State Department show that the Roma are no more likely to be involved in illegal activity than non-Roma people.
Hungary's ruling party, Fidesz, has done little to stem the anti-Roma demonstrations. Although Fidesz holds two-thirds of the seats in parliament, in recent local elections, Jobbik candidates have beaten their Fidesz opponents, including the mayoral race in Gyongyospata, the location of the 2011 clashes. Fidesz fears losing voters in the next parliamentary elections, and is hesitant to take action supportive of the Roma, which would not be popular among the Hungarian people.
The International Community Must Take Notice
With the Hungarian Government failing to act, and even contributing to the problem, it falls on the international community to protect the Roma. The international community had the power to act to protect the Jews in the 1930s, and failed to do so. Such failure should not be permitted to happen again.
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By/ khaled
Reviewed by khaled
on
November 08, 2020
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